Flows of Actual Values
Actual values flowing to CO-PA
CO-PA has been the most important part of Management Information System for SAP. It does not just collect information, but is capable of processing presenting it faster than other application components. In this post we will try to understand the Flow of Actual values to COPA.
This component collates data from various functions to help view a consolidated result. In order to do this, CO-PA needs data from various sources. There are many application components in SAP that provide data to CO-PA.
In this post we will try to see which components provide data to SAP.
Sales and Distribution
This is the most important source for data. Majority of the incoming data in CO-PA comes from this component. The data is posted as explained below:
Costing Based COPA – While posting of Sales Invoice
Account Based COPA – During accounting document generation
Using mapping of SD Condition Types to Value fields and Characteristics Derivation, we can determine what information flow to CO-PA (Costing Based). Given below is the list of some of the data that can be captured from SD:
Sold to Party
Ship to Party
Customer Characteristics
Region
Division
Distribution Channel
Sales Organisation
Quantities
Basic Value
Discounts
MRP
Material Characteristics
Cost
This and lot of other information derived from SD Module prove to be critical for sales data analysis.
Controlling
We are aware of the fact that CO-PA is part of Controlling Module. But we must know about the fact that CO has other components as well. The other components also generate and send values to COPA. The other components are explained below:
Product Cost Planning
This component is responsible for costing of material and storing results. Based on the Valuation Strategy configured in system, Costing Results are passed to CO-PA during posting of Sales Invoices.
Cost Object Controlling
This component calculates variances between the Target Cost and Actual Cost. The mapping of Default Account Assignment (OKB9) and PA Transfer Structure help pass Variance to CO-PA . The mapping in PA Transfer Structure helps store the values as per Variance Categories in CO-PA.
Input price variances
Resource-usage variances
Input quantity variances
Remaining input variances
Scrap variances
Mixed-price variances
Output price variances
Lot size variances
Remaining variances
The storing of categorisation of variance helps analyse data effectively.
Overhead Management
This component contains values from Cost Centre Accounting and Orders. Values passed from this component are further divided into:
Manufacturing Cost
Sales Cost
Administration Cost
The over/under absorption of Manufacturing cost is passed to CO-PA to determine how amounts spent at manufacturing locations are utilised.
The Sales and Administration Cost flow to CO-PA based on certain parameters. These parameters can be set in the Assessment Cycles created. For e.g. the Costs can be divided on Divisions based on the sales done by them during the period.
Financial Accounting
There are various values that post directly in FI module and can’t be posted to CO Objects like Cost Centre, Internal Order, WBS Elements. Such values for e.g. “Other Income” are posted in FI and passed to CO-PA using PA Transfer Structure and Default Account Assignment.
Material Management
There are various instances in Material Management when various primary cost are posted to FI. These costs require CO Object for posting and are posted directly to CO-PA. Given below is list of some such cost:
Revaluation
Gain/Loss on Physical Stock
Price Differences
Scrapping etc.
These values when directly posted to CO-PA store the material characteristics. This helps management to analyse it from various view point.
Project Systems
Project Systems contains WBS Elements and Networks as cost objects. They may contain revenue and/or costs. These values are settled to CO-PA at various instances as listed below:
Result Analysis
Periodic Settlement
Revenue Booking
Cost Booking
They help us get a good amount of analysis capability to visualise and do business in a better way.
Reference
Hope this helps you understand CO-PA in a better way.
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